Autism Spectrum Disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders – a neurodevelopmental diagnosis characterized by deficits in two main areas of functioning: (1) social-communication; (2) restrictive and repetitive behaviors and interests. It is considered neurodevelopmental, as the diagnosis is most often seen in early childhood, and individuals may show some level impairment throughout the lifespan. As it is a spectrum diagnosis, individuals meeting criteria can differ in multiple areas of functioning. Individuals meeting diagnostic criteria are placed on one of three ‘levels’ based upon the severity of symptoms and levels of support required to function. While it may have genetic markers, and differences in neuroanatomy may be present, it is currently best diagnosed through observations and behavioral assessments.